Allergies to laboratory animals can be common among those who work with these animals. Pre-existing allergic conditions such a hay fever, eczema, or pet allergies may predispose persons toward developing allergies to laboratory or other animals. People can develop allergies to cats, dogs, rabbits, guinea pigs or farm animals. Allergies to rodents are also common. Allergies to laboratory animals can develop over months or can take years to develop.

Proteins that trigger allergic reactions can be present in the hair, dander, saliva and the urine of animals. Direct contact with the animal or inhalation of allergens can trigger allergic reactions. Rodent urine is particularly allergenic, and activities that cause the urine to be aerosolized, such as dumping cages, can increase exposure to the allergens. Reactions can be mild, such as itchy eyes, sneezing, or hives. These reactions can occur immediately after exposure or up to 8 hours later. Sometimes symptoms can progress to asthma and rarely, anaphylaxis (shock) reactions.

Latex gloves are also very allergenic and use of these gloves can cause anything from a mild contact dermatitis to severe allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Anyone with pre-existing allergies, or anyone who develops allergy symptoms that may be associated with animal contact, is encouraged to consult a physician. Reducing the amount of exposure through various methods may be able to reduce symptoms or prevent the development of more serious reactions.

Prevention

• Use dedicated clothing and or a dedicated lab coat when working with animals. Do not bring contaminated clothing home.
• Use gloves and masks when working with animals to reduce the amount of exposure. Surgical type masks are not highly protective in sensitized individuals - more effective respiratory protection may be needed. Wash hands well before touching face or eyes and when leaving the animal area.
• Use biosafety or other ventilated hoods when possible. Remember that while laminar flow hoods may be protective for the animal, the airflow is moving toward the user. Use appropriate PPE in these cabinets.
• Use non latex gloves if possible. The use of non-powdered latex gloves may be less allergenic.
• Consult with a physician if allergic symptoms develop.